AL Name Number of Speakers Design Rationale Purpose Derivation Type Nouns Verbs Adjectives Adverbs Pronouns Prepositions Conjunctions Number of Vowels Number of Consonants Vocabulary Size Estimate Grammar Type Grammar Type (AL) Aspect (Verbs) Case (Nouns, Pronouns) Gender (Nouns) Mood (Verbs) Grammatical Number Voice Person Tense Syntax/Word Order Number of Phonemes/Segments Tone/Prosody Spelling
Loglan ? Phonetic Spelling, Regular, Simple, Means of testing the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis Engineered/Logical Schematic No distinction between nouns and verbs           6 17 9000-12000 Isolating I   Optional Not Obligatory   Free use: same word can mean single or plural Active, Passive Optional Time-free SVO 27 n Regular
Esperanto 1-2 million Universal Communication Auxillary Semi y y y y y y y 5 22   Inflectional and at times Agglutinating, less heavy inflections in comparison to natural languages II Not Required Nominative, Accusative Male, female, no category for inanimate class Imperative Singular, Plural Active, Passive First, Second, Third Past, Present, Future Free 34 n Phonetic
Toki Pona ~several 100 Focus on simple concepts, simplicity is the main goal   Aposteriori: Schematic y y y y y   y 5 (Toki Pona does not distinguish between long and short vowels) 9 118 Isolating I     No Gender n n n First, Second, Third Time-free/No tense SVO 14 n Phonetic
Desa Chat   International Communication Designed to make use of language processing techniques Derived from Esperanto. Removes the irregularities of Esperanto y y y y y     5 21 > 5000 Isolating II   Possesive y   Singular, Plural   First, Second, Third Past, Present, Future SVO 105 n  
Glosa   Free language from Inflections Auxillary Aposteriori:Semi naturalistic y y: never inflected     y y y 5 21 1000-2000 (Basic Vocabulary) Isolating: The same word can act as a noun, verb, adjective or preposition II     male, female Indicative, Subjunctive, Imperative Singular, Plural Active, Passive (less common, but supported) First, Second, Third Past, Present, Future: No particle for present SV(O)   n Phonetic
Ido ~1000s Based on Esperanto Auxillary Semi Naturalistic, influence from Romance languages (Spanish etc) y y y y y     5 21   Agglutinating II   Possesive/Genitive Male, female, no gender-improvement over Esperanto Subjunctive, Imperative Singular, Plural   First, Second, Third Past, Present, Future SVO   n not entirely phonetic, no one-to-one correspondence between alphabets and phonemes, unlike Esperanto
Interlingua     International Auxillary Language Naturalistic y y y y y     5 21   Agglutinating II n nominative, genitive n Indicative only Singular, Plural (For Nouns only) Passive First, Second, Third (Gender is represented) Past, Present, Future SVO   n Phonetic
Volapuk 20-30, Once had 2 million speakers The first AL   Schematic y y y y y y y 8 19   Agglutinating III (Has extensive grammatical markings, similar to natural languages. Irregularity and inconsistency in rules is also common. Hence Volapuk cannot be placed in either of the two grammar types)   nominative, genitive, dative and accusative n, only in third person Subjunctive, Imperative, Conditional y: singular, plural active, passive First, Second, Third y     n  
Klingon   Influence of a particular culture/ideology exists in the language, for e.g. fighting Fictional Apriori y y y         5 21   Agglutinating II Perfective, Imperfective and Prospective Possesive y: capable of speaking, body part and other. Imperative, Indicative y Active, Passive   n OVS 26 n one-to-one correspondence between alphabets and phonemes
Natural Lang Name                                                        
Arabic 206m   6 28 0,7 million     Perfective, Imperfective Nominative, Genetive, Accusative Male, Female Imperative, Subjunctive Singular, Dual, Plural Active, Passive First (No Gender is represented), Second, Third Past, Non Past Flexible: VSO 34 n not phonetic
Bengali 171m 14 29 0,06 million     Nominative, Objective, Genetive Nouns have no Gender   Singular, Plural Active, Passive First, Second, Third Past, Present, Future SOV 43 n not phonetic
English 309,4m 14 21 0,6 million   Perfective, Imperfective and Prospective Nominative, Objective, Genetive Nouns have no Gender Indicative, Subjunctive, Imperative Singular, Plural Active, Passive First, Second, Third Past, Present, Future SVO 35 n not phonetic
French 64,9m 17 20 0,19 million Moderately Inflected Perfective or Non Perfective Personal pronouns are inflected to show case Every noun has a gender: masculine or feminine Indicative, Subjunctive, Imperative, Conditional Singular, Plural Active, Passive, Reflexive First, Second, Third Past, Present, Future SVO 37 n not phonetic
German 95,4m 16 25 0,13 million     Nominative, Dative, Genitive, Accusative Male, Female, Neutral   Singular, Plural Active, Static Passive, Dynamic Passive First, Second, Third Two main tenses (Present, ) Others are conjugated Most cases: SVO 41 n not phonetic
Hindi-Urdu 241m 11 37     Perfective, Imperfective, Continous Nominative, Oblique Male, Female   Singular, Plural   First, Second, Third   SOV 61 n not phonetic
Japanese 122m 5 15 0,53 million Regular, Agglutinating     N Negative, Optative, Tentative N Active and rarely Passive. Topic Prominent Language First, Second, Third Past, Non Past SOV 20 y not phonetic
Javanese/Indonesian 75,5m 9 20   Agglutinating         n   n N: verbs are not inflected, but tenses are represented by auxillary words SVO or OVS 29 n not phonetic
Korean 67m 10 22 0,45 million Agglutinating   Nominative, Dative, Genitive, Accusative, Locative   Indicative, Subjunctive Nouns have no Number   First, Second, Third   SOV 32 n not phonetic
Mandarin 1205m     0,09 million Isolating Perfective, Imperfective   Nouns are not inflected on the basis of gender   Nouns have no Number, a word counter is used instead. Active and rarely Passive. Topic Prominent Language     SVO 32 y not phonetic
Russian 145m 7 31 0,125 million     Nominative, Dative, Genitive, Accusative Male, Female, Neutral   Singular, Plural Active, Passive First, Second, Third (Gender is represented) Past, Non Past SVO 38 n not phonetic
Spanish 322,3m 5 20 0,11 million     Nominative, Dative, Genitive, Accusative Male, Female Conditional Singular, Plural Active, Static Passive, Dynamic Passive First, Second, Third Past, Present, Future varies: SVO, SOV 25 n not phonetic
Vietnamese 67,4m       Isolating Language             First, Second, Third     36 y